Class 8 Geography

Industry

NCERT Solution

Answer the following questions:

Question 1: What is meant by the term ‘industry’?

Answer: An economic activity which is concerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or provision of services is called an industry.

Question 2: Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?

Answer: Availability of raw materials, land, water, labour, power, capital, transport and market are the main factors which affect the location of an industry.

Question 3: Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why?

Answer: Iron and steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry because almost everything used by us is either made up of steel or is made by machines which are made up of steel.

Question 4: Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?

Answer: The warm and moist climate of Mumbai, proximity to port, availability of raw material and skilled labour helped in rapid expansion of this industry in the region.

Question 5: What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California?

Answer: Both the places have a large number of educational and IT institutions which provide a steady supply of human resources. The climate is moderate. Infrastructure is good with good connectivity.

Tick the correct answer

Question 1: Silicon Valley is located in

  1. Bangalore
  2. California
  3. Ahmadabad

    Answer: (b) California

Question 2: Which one of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?

  1. Iron and steel industry
  2. Cotton textile
  3. Information technology

    Answer: (c) Information technology

Question 3: Which one of the following is a natural fibre?

  1. Nylon
  2. Jute
  3. Acrylic

    Answer: (b) Jute

Distinguish between the followings

Agro-based and mineral based industry

Answer: Agricultural produce are the raw materials in agro-based industry, while minerals are the raw materials in mineral-based industry.

Public sector and joint sector industry

Answer: Public sector is owned by the government, while joint sector is jointly owned by the government and private parties.

Give two examples each of the following

(a) Raw Materials

Answer: Cotton and iron ore

(b) End products

Answer: Cloth and steel

(c) Tertiary Activities

Answer: Banking and transport

(d) Agro-based Industries

Answer: Sugar and cotton textiles

(e) Cottage Industries

Answer: Pottery and apiculture

(f) Co-operatives

Answer: AMUL and Mother Dairy