Class 10 Science


Experiments on Metals Non-metals

Experiment 1:

To show that metals have high melting point.

Materials Required: Copper or aluminium wire, stand, clamp, Bunsen burner

Procedure:

set for experiment to show high melting point of metal

Observation: The metal wire becomes very hot; as can be shown by the falling of nail.

Conclusion: Metals have high melting point.

Experiment 2:

To show the nature of metallic oxide and non-metallic oxide.

Materials Required: Magnesium ribbon, sulphur powder, tongs, gas jar, litmus paper, etc.

Procedure:

Observation: There is no effect on blue litmus paper, but red litmus paper turns blue when it is dipped in aqueous solution of magnesium oxide.

Conclusion: Magnesium oxide is basic in nature. This means that metal oxides are basic in nature.

Procedure for Sulphur Powder:

Observation: Blue litmus paper turns red in presence of sulphur dioxide.

Conclusion: Non-metallic oxides are acidic in nature.

Experiment 3:

To show displacement reaction

Materials Required: Test tubes, copper sulphate solution, iron sulphate solution, copper wire, iron nail, corks, test tube stand

Procedure:

set up for experiment on displacement reaction

Observation: The colour of copper sulphate fades away and iron nail acquires a brown deposit. No change is observed in the test tube which has iron sulphate solution.

Conclusion: Iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution. But copper is unable to displace iron from iron sulphate solution. This happens because iron is more reactive than copper.

Experiment 4:

To show metal's reaction with dilute acid

Materials Required: Test tube, water bath, cork, stand, clamp, dilute sulphuric acid, zinc granules

Procedure:

set up to show metal's reaction with dilute acid

Observation: Effervescence can be seen in test tube. This shows some chemical reaction taking place. Bubbles can be seen coming from water bath; which shows that some gas is evolving.

Check the nature of gas: Bring a burning matchstick near the bubbles. You will observe that the matchstick burns with a pop sound. This indicates that the evolved gas is hydrogen gas.

Conclusion: When a metal reacts with dilute acid, metal salt and hydrogen gas is formed.

REF: All figures on this page are taken from NCERT text book for Class 10 Science