7 Civics

On Equality

The Indian Constitution recognizes every person as equal. It means that every individual in the country belonging to any caste, religion, tribe, economic or educational background is equal. This does not guarantee any elimination of inequality, but now there are many laws that seek to ensure that people are treated equally and with dignity.

State Government

The chief minister is elected by the MLAs of the ruling party. The chief minister then selects other people as ministers. The Governor of the state appoints the chief ministers and other ministers after the elections. The chief ministers and other ministers have the responsibility of running various government departments or ministries.

Boys and Girls

The term gender is an often heard term by all of us. It is something all of us experience on a daily basis. It, for example, determines who we are, what we will become, where we can and cannot go and so on. Our understanding of gender is based on our family and society. For example, men generally go out to work and women are at home. But the general perception of these different roles differs across communities around the world. Most societies value men and women differently which is elaborated as under.

Government in Healthcare

We need appropriate healthcare facilities to prevent and treat diseases. Facilities include health centres, hospitals, ambulance services etc. From the aspect of human resources, qualified doctors, nurses and good health professionals and workers are needed.

Women Change the World

The work opportunities available for men and women are not equal. Because of the demands of the family and society, a woman has to make many sacrifices. Moreover, many job opportunities are considered to be more relevant for men than women.

Understanding Media

Media is the plural of the word ‘medium’ which means mode. In other words, it refers to the different ways in which we communicate in society. Since it refers to the forms of communication everything from a small news item in the paper to the elaborate news in the TV; all can be called media.

Advertising

Advertising is an integral part of marketing. Because of the cut-throat competition in the present times, good advertising is inevitable. We see a number of advertisements on TV, newspapers, as billboards on streets etc. Many advertisements come on radio as well. Even buses, taxis and rickshaws carry advertisements on them. The internet which is an inseparable part of our lives today also has many advertisements popping up on different websites.

Markets Around Us

Market is a place where the goods are offered by the sellers in exchange for money from buyers. We go to the market to buy everyday essentials, comfort goods and luxury goods. In other words, we purchase staples, apparels, footwear, housekeeping items, home appliances, stationery, artefacts, etc. from the market.

A Shirt in the Market

The weaver exists at the core of the process of shirt manufacture. He is the foundation of the textile industry. The cotton cloth supplied by the weavers is sold by the Erode merchant to a garment exporting factory in Delhi. The garment exporter makes shirts with this cloth and exports it to foreign buyers who are mainly the businessmen in the US and Europe.

Struggles for Equality

Equality is a principle recognized by the Indian Constitution. It states that all Indians are equal before the law and there should not be any discrimination on the basis of caste, religion, sex or financial status. All adults have the right to vote without any bias and this is a powerful tool they can use to choose/replace their representatives. But in reality people are treated unequally on the bases of sex, caste, etc. There are ample examples in history where people have come together to protest the inequality they are facing.