Reproduction in Animals
Extra Questions
Very Short Answer Type
Question 1: What is reproduction?
Answer: The process by which an organism produces its offspring is called reproduction.
Question 2: What is sexual reproduction?
Answer: When two parents are involved in reproduction and gamete formation takes place, it is called sexual reproduction.
Question 3: What is asexual reproduction?
Answer: When a single parent is involved in reproduction and gamete formation does not happen, it is called asexual reproduction.
Question 4: What is fertilization?
Answer: Fusion of male and female gametes is called fertilization.
Question 5: What is conception?
Answer: Implantation of embryo in uterus is called conception.
Question 6: What is external fertilization?
Answer: When fertilization takes place outside the animal’s body, it is called external fertilization.
Question 7: What is internal fertilization?
Answer: When fertilization takes place inside the animal’s body, it is called internal fertilization.
Question 8: What is in-vitro fertilization?
Answer: When fertilization is carried out in laboratory, it is called in-vitro fertilization.
Question 9: What are oviparous animals?
Answer: Animals which lay eggs are called oviparous animals.
Question 10: What are viviparous animals?
Answer: Animals which give birth to young ones are called viviparous animals.
Short Answer Type
Question 1: What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
Answer:
| Sexual Reproduction | Asexual Reproduction |
|---|---|
| Two parents are involved. | A single parent is involved. |
| Gametes are formed. | Gametes are not formed. |
| Fertilization takes place. | Fertilization does not take place. |
| Examples: humans, frog, bird, etc. | Examples: amoeba, hydra, sponge, etc. |
Question 2: Briefly explain the structure of sperm.
Answer: A sperm is very small in size, and is unicellular. It is composed of a head, middle piece and a tail.
Question 3: What is an embryo?
Answer: When the zygote develops to a stage that differentiation into tissues is accomplished, this stage is called embryo.
Question 4: What is foetus?
Answer: When embryo starts resembling a human being, it is called foetus.
Question 5: Briefly explain in-vitro fertilization.
Answer: Any biological process carried out in laboratory is called in-vitro. Thus, fertilization carried out in laboratory is called in-vitro fertilization. After in-vitro fertilization, zygote is allowed to develop into a mass of cells and is then transferred into the uterus for subsequent development. Many women may fail to conceive due to certain problems. In-vitro fertilization helps such women to bear a child.
Question 6: Explain budding with the help of suitable example.
Answer: This method is seen in multicellular animals which are highly simple in structure. A small bud develops on the body. The bud develops and starts resembling its mother. After that, the bud gets detached from the mother’s body to begin life as a new individual. Examples: Hydra and sponges.
Question 7: Explain binary fission with the help of suitable example.
Answer: This method is seen in unicellular animals, e.g. amoeba. The cell of amoeba divided into two daughter cells. Each daughter cell becomes a new individual.
Question 8: Explain the steps from fertilization to child birth.
Answer: Conception and Child Birth: It takes place in the female reproductive system through following steps:
- A single egg comes out of the ovary every month, and reaches the fallopian tube.
- Sperms reach the fallopian tube where a sperm fertilizes the egg. This results in formation of zygote.
- Zygote undergoes several rounds of cell division to become a ball of cells.
- This ball of cells moves to the uterus and gets implanted in the wall of the uterus. This process is called conception. Conception marks the beginning of pregnancy.
- Embryo develops inside the uterus to become a baby.