Class 10 Science

Carbon and Its Compounds

NCERT In Text Solution

Part 1

Question 1: What would be the electron dot structure of carbon dioxide which has the formula CO2?

Answer:

lewis dot structure carbon dioxide

Question 2: What would be the electron dot structure of a molecule of sulphur which is made up of eight atoms of sulphur? (Hint – The eight atoms of sulphur are joined together in the form of a ring.)

Answer:

lewis dot structure sulphur

Question 3: How many structural isomers can you draw for pentane?

Answer: Pentane has three structural isomers. These are n-pentane, Iso-pentane and neo-pentane. Structures of all the three isomers are given here.

structural isomers of pentane structural isomers of pentane structural isomers of pentane

Question 4: What are the two properties of carbon which lead to the huge number of carbon compounds we see around us?

Answer: Carbon can form huge number of carbon compounds because of the following properties:

  1. Catenation: Carbon can form bond with other carbon atoms. This property is called catenation. Because of catenation, carbon can form long chains, branched chains and closed chains.
  2. Carbon can form compounds with elements of many other elements.

Question 5: What will be the formula and electron dot structure of cyclopentane?

Answer: Formula of cyclopentane is C5H10

lewis dot structure cyclopentane

Question 6: Draw the structures for the following compounds.

  1. Ethanoic acid
  2. Bromopentane*
  3. Butanone
  4. Hexanal

Answer:

(i) Ethanoic acid

structural formula ethanoic acid

(ii) Bromopentane

structurral formula bromopentane

(iii) Butanone

structural formula butaone

(iv) Hexanal

structural formula hexanal

Question 7: Are structural isomers possible for bromopentane?

Answer:Yes, isomer of bromopentane is possible. Structure of one of the isomers of bromopentane is given above.