Weather Climate
NCERT Solution
Question 1: Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.
Answer: Temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind speed are the elements that determine the weather of a place.
Question 2: When are the maximum and minimum temperature likely to occur during the day?
Answer: The temperature is minimum in the morning and maximum at the noon.
Question 3: Fill in the blanks:
- The average weather taken over a long time is called __________.
- A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be ___________ and ___________ .
- The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are ___________ and __________.
Answer: (i) Climate, (ii) Hot and dry, (iii) Polar region and desert
Question 4: Indicate the type of climate of the following areas:
- Jammu and Kashmir: ____________________
- Kerala: _______________________________
- Rajasthan: ____________________________
- North-east India: _____________________
Answer: (a) moderately hot and wet, (b) hot and wet, (c) hot and dry, (d) hot and wet
Question 5: Which of the two changes frequently, weather or climate?
Answer: Weather.
Question 6: Following are some of the characteristics of animals:
For each characteristic indicate whether it is adaptation for tropical rainforests or polar regions. Do you think that some of these characteristics can be adapted for both regions?
Answer:
| Adaptations | Climatic regions |
|---|---|
| Diets heavy on fruits | Tropical rainforests |
| White fur | Polar region |
| Need to migrate | Polar region |
| Loud voice | Tropical rainforest |
| Sticky pads on feet | Tropical rainforest |
| Layer of fat under skin | Polar region |
| Wide and large paws | Polar region |
| Bright colours | Tropical rainforest |
| Strong tails | Tropical rainforest |
| Long and large beaks | Both |
Question 7: The tropical rainforest has a large population of animals. Explain why it is so.
Answer: Dense forest provides large amount and variety of food. This supports a large population to survive in the rain forest.
Question 8: Explain, with examples, why we find animals of certain kind living in particular climatic conditions.
Answer: Animals of certain kinds have adaptations for a particular climate. Due to this, some animals are fit to live in a particular type of climate only. Hence some animals live in some selected climate only.
Question 9: How do elephant living in the tropical rainforest adapt itself?
Answer: Adaptations seen in elephants: Elephants have well developed sense of smell. It helps the elephant in finding the food. The trunk has powerful muscles which help the elephant in uprooting even a big tree. Elephants have good sense of hearing which help the elephant in sensing danger way in advance. An elephant uses its trunk to sprinkle water all over its body so that it can cool down its body temperature.
Choose the correct option which answers the following question:
Question 10: A carnivore with stripes on its body moves very fast while catching its prey. It is likely to be found in
- Polar regions
- Deserts
- Oceans
- Tropical rainforests
Answer: (iv) Tropical rainforests
Question 11: Which features adapt polar bears to live in extremely cold climate?
- A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.
- Thin skin, large eyes, a white fur.
- A long tail, strong claws, white large paws.
- White body, paws for swimming, gills for respiration.
Answer: (i) A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.
Question 12: Which option best describes a tropical region?
- Hot and humid
- Moderate temperature, heavy rainfall
- Cold and humid
- Hot and dry
Answer: (i) Hot and humid