Natural Vegetation Wildlife
Extra Questions
Very Short Answer Type Questions:
Question 1: Name the main types of forests.
Answer: Main types of forest are: Tropical evergreen, tropical deciduous, temperate evergreen, temperate deciduous, coniferous, Mediterranean vegetation.
Question 2: What are the types of grasslands?
Answer: Grasslands are of following types: Tropical grasslands, temperate grasslands.
Question 3: Where are mosses and lichens found?
Answer: Tundra vegetation
Question 4: Which kinds of trees are found in temperate evergreen forests?
Answer: Hard and soft wood trees
Question 5: Why the trees of the tropical evergreen forests do not shed leaves altogether?
Answer: Because there is no particular dry season.
Short Answer Type Questions:
Question 1: Write a note on temperate evergreen forests.
Answer: These are located in the mid-latitudinal coastal region. They are commonly found along the eastern margins of the continents e.g., in south east USA, South China and in South East Brazil. They comprise both hard and soft wood trees like oak, pine etc.
Question 2: Where are tropical evergreen forests found and why are they called evergreen?
Answer: They are found in the regions near the equator and the tropics. The trees in this region do not shed their leaves altogether since there is no dry season. Hence they are called evergreen.
Question 3: What is tundra vegetation?
Answer: The vegetation near the polar region is called tundra vegetation. This region is very cold and has limited vegetation. Lichens, mosses and very small scrubs, comprise the tundra vegetation. Here the growth of plants is in the very short summer.
Question 4: What are temperate grasslands?
Answer: Temperate grasslands are found in the mid – latitudinal zones and the interior part of the continents. The grass over here is short and nutritious. The wildlife comprises of wild buffaloes, bisons and antelopes.
Long Answer Type Questions:
Question 1: Describe forests.
Answer: Forests grow where temperature and rainfall are plentiful. The types of forests and their features are as under;
| Type of Forest/Description | Location | Fauna | Flora |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tropical evergreen. They receive heavy rainfall throughout the year and have no particular dry season. | Near the equator and close to the tropics | sloths, chimpanzees, orangutans | Hardwood trees like rosewood, ebony and mahogany |
| Tropical deciduous, these experience seasonal changes | Large parts of India, northern Australia and in central America | Tigers, lions, elephants, langoors and monkeys | Hardwood trees like sal, teak, neem and shisham |
| Temperate evergreen | Mid – latitudinal coastal region | Black bear, brown bear, deer, owls | Hard and soft wood trees like oak, pine, eucalyptus etc |
| Temperate deciduous forests | North eastern part of USA, China, New Zealand, Chile | Deer, foxes, wolves, pheasants, monals | Oak, ash, birch |
| Mediterranean vegetation, they have hot dry summers and mild rainy winters | west and south west margins of the continents | Not much wildlife | oranges, olives and grapes |
| Coniferous, these are also called Taiga | Higher latitudes (50o– 70o) of Northern hemisphere | Silver fox, mink, polar bear | Tall, softwood trees like chir, pine, cedar |
Question 2: What are grasslands?
Answer: Grasslands grow in the region of moderate rain. These are of two types: tropical grasslands and temperate grasslands. Tropical grasslands are found on the either side of the equator and extend till the tropics. This vegetation grows in the areas of moderate to low amount of rainfall. The grass can grow very tall about 3 to 4 m in height. The wildlife here includes elephants, zebras, deer, leopards, giraffes. The Savannah grasslands of Africa are of this type. Temperate grasslands are found in the mid – latitudinal zones and the interior part of the continents. The grass over here is short and nutritious. The wildlife comprises of wild buffaloes, bisons and antilopes.
Question 3: Write a note on shrubs.
Answer: These are found in the dry desert like regions. Tropical deserts are found on the western margins of the continents. Because of scanty rain and the scorching heat, vegetation here is scarce. In the polar region, where the climate is extremely cold, the growth of natural vegetation is very limited. The vegetation here, which grows only during the very short summer, consists of mosses, lichens and very small shrubs. The vegetation mentioned above is called the Tundra type of vegetation. It is found in the polar areas of Europe, Asia and North America.
Some of the animals found here are seal, walruses, musk – oxen, snow foxes, polar bear and Arctic owl. These animals have thick skin and thick fur to protect themselves from the cold climate.