Class 7 Geography
Transport: It is the means by which people and goods move. In the earlier days people used to walk or use animals as a means of transportation. The invention of the wheel made transportation easier and faster. Even today some people use animals for transport though many advanced means of transportation have developed.
These are the most commonly used means of transport especially for short distance travel. Roads may be metalled or unmetalled.
There is a dense network of roads in the plains. Roads can be built in deserts, high mountains and forests too. Roads built underground are called subways or under paths. Flyovers are built over raised structures.
The invention of the steam engine and the Industrial Revolution helped in quick development of rail transport. They are economical and faster. Steam engines have been replaced by diesel and electrical engines. At some places super fast trains have been developed to make the journey faster. Railway network is well developed in plain areas. It is present in hilly terrain too, but not as much as in the plain areas. The Indian railway network is well developed.
Since early days waterways were used as a means of transportation. These are the cheapest means for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances. These are of two types:
This is the fastest means of transport developed in the early twentieth century. Before this was developed, trade was carried on using the land or the sea route. It used to take several months to reach India, for the early traders from other countries. Now it takes only 6-8 hours to travel from India to Europe!
It is the process of conveying messages to others. New and very fast means of communication have been developed by human beings. This advancement has brought about information revolution in the world. Communication serves the twin purposes of educating and entertaining.
Internet has made our life very comfortable. All our requirements: right from essential things like ordering groceries, paying bills, to recreational needs like booking movie, rail/air tickets, hotel reservations etc. can be done with the click of the mouse! Standing in long queues is a thing of the past. We are able to save a lot of time due to this.
The term social media is an inseparable part of our lives today. Expressing our opinions on important developments in politics, economy, society etc. through facebook, twitter etc has become an everyday affair for many of us. This also helps in building solidarity among likeminded people regarding issues that concern the society at large.
Transhumance: The word trans means across. This term means the seasonal movement of people. People who rear animals move in search of new pastures according to changes in seasons.
Site: The place where a building or a settlement develops is called its site.
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